ABAP Documentation

[Former Member]

Hi to all of u,

I'm new around here. I recently finished my course on Informatic Engineering and im about to start working with SAP system. As i am a junior i would like to know if anyone knows any tutorial or some documents that could introduce me to SAP and to ABAP just to get some basic understanding.

I appreciate all help i can get

Thank u.

[Former Member]

hi,

No Problem donu2019t worry SDN will help you a lot.

Actually every one is new for the new technologies.

Dictionary

Internal tables

Reports (ALV)

Module pool

Function Modules

Sub routines

SAP Scripts

Smart forms

And mainly debugging concept(f5,f6,f7).

Actually here as an ABAPer 1st try to learn DE-BUGGING as much as you can.

Try to do it from START-OF-SELECTION event 1st line on wards.

Put a break point on start of selection line event and execute it.

Here in debugging you need to carefully observe the behaviors of the program, logic etc etc.

Next understand the FORMS when they are trigging and their reusability.

Under stand the Events sequence.

Later try to absorb the Syntax of the commands as much as you can.

ABAP in 21 days is the ideal book for the starters... it will explain all the fundamentals with some examples... Once you get hang of abap then you can start exploring all the advance documentations and neways, SDN is there for you,, if you have any queries,, post a query .

When you are working in the SAP System, you may want to access information from the database. To do this, you use reports.

In this documentation, report refers to the report program, and list refers to the output u2013 that is, the results of the report.

Some reports display information; others allow you to perform analyses.

A report must be started, or executed. In many cases, the SAP System automatically executes a report. Sometimes, however, you will want to execute a report yourself.

In addition to report programs, the SAP System provides numerous reporting tools, each of which has its own set of procedures for executing report programs.

This documentation describes report programs only. For an introduction to the SAP reporting tools, refer to the Reporting Made Easy guidebooks (Release 4.0B). You can find these guidebooks at: www.saplabs.com/rme

In ABAP, there are a total of 7 types of reports. They are:

Classical

Interactive

Logical Database

ABAP query

ALV Reports (ALV stands for ABAP List Viewer)

Report Writer/Report Painter Views (There are different types of views also)

Edit section Classical Reports

These are the most simple reports. Programmers learn this one first. It is just an output of data using the Write statement inside a loop.

Classical reports are normal reports. These reports are not having any sub reports. IT IS HAVING ONLY ONE SCREEN/LIST FOR OUTPUT.

Events In Classical Reports.

INTIALIZATION: This event triggers before selection screen display.

AT-SELECTION-SCREEN: This event triggers after proccesing user input still selection screen is in active mode.

START OF SELECTION: Start of selection screen triggers after proceesing selection screen.

END-OF-SELECTION : It is for Logical Database Reporting.

Edit section Interactive Reports

As the name suggests, the user can Interact with the report. We can have a drill down into the report data. For example, Column one of the report displays the material numbers, and the user feels that he needs some more specific data about the vendor for that material, he can HIDE that data under those material numbers.

And when the user clicks the material number, another report (actually sub report/secondary list) which displays the vendor details will be displayed.

We can have a basic list (number starts from 0) and 20 secondary lists (1 to 21).

Events associated with Interactive Reports are:

AT LINE-SELECTION

AT USER-COMMAND

AT PF<key>

TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION.

HIDE statement holds the data to be displayed in the secondary list.

sy-lisel : contains data of the selected line.

sy-lsind : contains the level of report (from 0 to 21)

Interactive Report Events:

AT LINE-SELECTION : This Event triggers when we double click a line on the list, when the event is triggered a new sublist is going to be generated. Under this event what ever the statements that are been return will be displayed on newly generated sublist.

AT PFn: For predefined function keys...

AT USER-COMMAND: It provides user functions keys.

TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION: top of page event for secondary list.

Edit section Logical Database Reports

Logical database is another tool for ABAP reports. Using LDB we can provide extra features for ABAP reports.

While using LDB there is no need for us to declare Parameters.

Selection-screen as they will be generated automatically.

We have to use the statement NODES in ABAP report.

If there are many tables the Performance will be slow as all the table data will be read from top node to bottom node .

Edit section ABAP Query Reports

ABAP query is another tool for ABAP. It provides efficiency for ABAP reports. These reports are very accurate.

Transaction Code : SQ01

The advantage with ABAP QUERY is logic required for classic & interactive reports system design automatically 80%.

For ABAP QUERY handle these

SQ01 ; QUERY

SQ02 : INFOSET OR FUNCTIONAL AREA

SQ03: USER GROUP.

Edit section Report Writer

Key Concept :

Super users and end users can use Report Painter/Report Writer tools to write their own reports.

Giving them the ability to report on additional fields at their discretion shifts the report maintenance burden to them, saving SAP support groups time and effort normally spent creating and maintaining the reports.

Instead of using ABAP code to write a report in FI and CO, many users build a Report Painter/ Report Writer library using transaction MC27.

However, this workaround has some drawbacks. Little known transaction GRCT solves these problems in most cases, and eliminates the need to use transaction MC27.

ABAP Report Types

ABAP report types are those ones available in some report's attributes screen, i.e. :

Executable program

Function group (containing function modules)

Include

Interface pool

Class pool

Module pool

Subroutine pool

Also ALV means ABAP List Viewer. Most convenient way to use it is through reuse library (cf. transaction se83) available from release 4.6 of SAP R/3.

ALV is available in two modes: list and grid. List mode is good old list processing with standard functionalities, and grid mode is using a new OCX object displaying grids.

As an ABAPer our responsibilities are:

*Analyze the functional spec.

*Prepare a issue log if u have any issues in FS,

*Create a synopsis (here we specify what is Major functionality)

*Prepare TD/TS (technical design/technical spec)

*Coding/Implementation.

*UTC (Prepare unit test case)

For Development Projects:

u2022Analyzing the functional inputs.

u2022Interacting with the functional team to resolve the issues in the given objects.

u2022Modification to existing reports and layouts, troubleshooting, development of new reports and layouts, Batch Data Communication program enhancement, run time optimization of existing programs.

u2022Creation and changes of ABAP Dictionary Objects such as Domain, Tables, Views and Indexes.

u2022Ensuring a high quality solution for all the delivered objects to the client within the schedule.

For Upgrade Project:

upgrade project is to rectify the errors and some warnings shown by the optimizer tool which is a tool used by us to list out the errors while upgrading, and rectify the errors shown by the Extended Program Check (EPC) which affect the functionality of the object.

u2022Replacing the Function Modules which are obsolete in the target version with a similar Function Module or a Method with respect to functionality.

u2022Replacing the population of BDC screens, fields and OK codes which differ from the BDC flow in the target version from that of the old version.

u2022Replacing some statements which are obsolete in the target version.

u2022Preparing the Program Change documents and Test Case documents for the client to track the changes easily.

Hi Kumar,

No Problem donu2019t worry SDN will help you a lot.

Actually every one is new for the new technologies.

Dictionary

Internal tables

Reports (ALV)

Module pool

Function Modules

Sub routines

SAP Scripts

Smart forms

And mainly debugging concept(f5,f6,f7).

Actually here as an ABAPer 1st try to learn DE-BUGGING as much as you can.

Try to do it from START-OF-SELECTION event 1st line on wards.

Put a break point on start of selection line event and execute it.

Here in debugging you need to carefully observe the behaviors of the program, logic etc etc.

Next understand the FORMS when they are trigging and their reusability.

Under stand the Events sequence.

Later try to absorb the Syntax of the commands as much as you can.

ABAP in 21 days is the ideal book for the starters... it will explain all the fundamentals with some examples... Once you get hang of abap then you can start exploring all the advance documentations and neways, SDN is there for you,, if you have any queries,, post a query .

When you are working in the SAP System, you may want to access information from the database. To do this, you use reports.

In this documentation, report refers to the report program, and list refers to the output u2013 that is, the results of the report.

Some reports display information; others allow you to perform analyses.

A report must be started, or executed. In many cases, the SAP System automatically executes a report. Sometimes, however, you will want to execute a report yourself.

In addition to report programs, the SAP System provides numerous reporting tools, each of which has its own set of procedures for executing report programs.

This documentation describes report programs only. For an introduction to the SAP reporting tools, refer to the Reporting Made Easy guidebooks (Release 4.0B). You can find these guidebooks at: www.saplabs.com/rme

In ABAP, there are a total of 7 types of reports. They are:

Classical

Interactive

Logical Database

ABAP query

ALV Reports (ALV stands for ABAP List Viewer)

Report Writer/Report Painter Views (There are different types of views also)

Edit section Classical Reports

These are the most simple reports. Programmers learn this one first. It is just an output of data using the Write statement inside a loop.

Classical reports are normal reports. These reports are not having any sub reports. IT IS HAVING ONLY ONE SCREEN/LIST FOR OUTPUT.

Events In Classical Reports.

INTIALIZATION: This event triggers before selection screen display.

AT-SELECTION-SCREEN: This event triggers after proccesing user input still selection screen is in active mode.

START OF SELECTION: Start of selection screen triggers after proceesing selection screen.

END-OF-SELECTION : It is for Logical Database Reporting.

Edit section Interactive Reports

As the name suggests, the user can Interact with the report. We can have a drill down into the report data. For example, Column one of the report displays the material numbers, and the user feels that he needs some more specific data about the vendor for that material, he can HIDE that data under those material numbers.

And when the user clicks the material number, another report (actually sub report/secondary list) which displays the vendor details will be displayed.

We can have a basic list (number starts from 0) and 20 secondary lists (1 to 21).

Events associated with Interactive Reports are:

AT LINE-SELECTION

AT USER-COMMAND

AT PF<key>

TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION.

HIDE statement holds the data to be displayed in the secondary list.

sy-lisel : contains data of the selected line.

sy-lsind : contains the level of report (from 0 to 21)

Interactive Report Events:

AT LINE-SELECTION : This Event triggers when we double click a line on the list, when the event is triggered a new sublist is going to be generated. Under this event what ever the statements that are been return will be displayed on newly generated sublist.

AT PFn: For predefined function keys...

AT USER-COMMAND: It provides user functions keys.

TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION: top of page event for secondary list.

Edit section Logical Database Reports

Logical database is another tool for ABAP reports. Using LDB we can provide extra features for ABAP reports.

While using LDB there is no need for us to declare Parameters.

Selection-screen as they will be generated automatically.

We have to use the statement NODES in ABAP report.

If there are many tables the Performance will be slow as all the table data will be read from top node to bottom node .

Edit section ABAP Query Reports

ABAP query is another tool for ABAP. It provides efficiency for ABAP reports. These reports are very accurate.

Transaction Code : SQ01

The advantage with ABAP QUERY is logic required for classic & interactive reports system design automatically 80%.

For ABAP QUERY handle these

SQ01 ; QUERY

SQ02 : INFOSET OR FUNCTIONAL AREA

SQ03: USER GROUP.

Edit section Report Writer

Key Concept :

Super users and end users can use Report Painter/Report Writer tools to write their own reports.

Giving them the ability to report on additional fields at their discretion shifts the report maintenance burden to them, saving SAP support groups time and effort normally spent creating and maintaining the reports.

Instead of using ABAP code to write a report in FI and CO, many users build a Report Painter/ Report Writer library using transaction MC27.

However, this workaround has some drawbacks. Little known transaction GRCT solves these problems in most cases, and eliminates the need to use transaction MC27.

ABAP Report Types

ABAP report types are those ones available in some report's attributes screen, i.e. :

Executable program

Function group (containing function modules)

Include

Interface pool

Class pool

Module pool

Subroutine pool

Also ALV means ABAP List Viewer. Most convenient way to use it is through reuse library (cf. transaction se83) available from release 4.6 of SAP R/3.

ALV is available in two modes: list and grid. List mode is good old list processing with standard functionalities, and grid mode is using a new OCX object displaying grids.

As an ABAPer our responsibilities are:

*Analyze the functional spec.

*Prepare a issue log if u have any issues in FS,

*Create a synopsis (here we specify what is Major functionality)

*Prepare TD/TS (technical design/technical spec)

*Coding/Implementation.

*UTC (Prepare unit test case)

For Development Projects:

u2022Analyzing the functional inputs.

u2022Interacting with the functional team to resolve the issues in the given objects.

u2022Modification to existing reports and layouts, troubleshooting, development of new reports and layouts, Batch Data Communication program enhancement, run time optimization of existing programs.

u2022Creation and changes of ABAP Dictionary Objects such as Domain, Tables, Views and Indexes.

u2022Ensuring a high quality solution for all the delivered objects to the client within the schedule.

For Upgrade Project:

upgrade project is to rectify the errors and some warnings shown by the optimizer tool which is a tool used by us to list out the errors while upgrading, and rectify the errors shown by the Extended Program Check (EPC) which affect the functionality of the object.

u2022Replacing the Function Modules which are obsolete in the target version with a similar Function Module or a Method with respect to functionality.

u2022Replacing the population of BDC screens, fields and OK codes which differ from the BDC flow in the target version from that of the old version.

u2022Replacing some statements which are obsolete in the target version.

u2022Preparing the Program Change documents and Test Case documents for the client to track the changes easily.

regards,

Ranveer.

[Former Member]

Hi,

Check this similar thread. You will get plenty of information to starts with in ABAP:

/thread/408609 [original link is broken]

Regards,

Subhash

[Former Member]

Hello

There is alot of information on ABAP on the internet which you can easily access by googling it. Also I would advice that you should take a small course may be after you brush through alittle bit and get the concepts right. Since you are just starting your aim should be to get certified.

Wish you all the best for your career in SAP

Please let me know if you need any more information

Refer to link help.sap.com to get the comprehensive knowledge in SAP and ABAP.

Thanks

[Former Member]

Thanks very much for your answer,

I found a tutorial on the internet about ABAP programming in SAP R/3 system, that seems very nice, but it's from 2001. Im afraid it's an obsolete tutorial. What do u think?

Once again thanks very much.