Hello Ipsit,
Route determination –
1. Route determination is automatically proposed for each sales document item in the sales order. It is a process whereby one can assign a specific route with transportation legs using different shipment types and carriers.
2. Menu path is IMG – sales and distribution – basic functions – routes.
Define routes –
Define modes of transport - mode of transports used in the business such as road, train; plane, ship etc are defined here by assigning a two character alphanumeric key with a meaningful description attached to it.
Define shipping types – in this activity you define the shipping type in combination with the mode of transport. The shipping types are the actual vehicles used to transport the materials can be defined as a train or mail and so on. In this assignment, you assign the shipping types along with previously defined modes of transport. The shipment type procedure group (STPG) found here is used for determining the pricing procedure for the shipment cost calculation (IMG – logistics execution – transportation – shipment costs – pricing – pricing control – define and assign pricing procedures).
Define transportation connection points – Here we define points where transportation types connect or where transportation type crosses a border. Here we specify one/several locations as per the business specifications/requirements and the Transportation connection points such as airports, railway stations and border crossings for each specific location in detail. Relevant customs office details can also be recorded in this section if required.
Defining routes and stages – in this activity, we can define route with its associated route stages and transportation connection points. Each function has Details (F8) need to be filled in.
Route can be defined as a six character alphanumeric key with description. For any particular defined route – you can set a forwarding agent or carrier as well as define the transit times and the transit lead time, which is the number of days required for organising a shipment for an item that is to be delivered via a certain route. It is also possible to include the distance to be travelled and the total transit duration. The system uses the transit duration in calendar days and the transit planning time in hours and minutes are used by the system to define delivery dates and timings.
Route stages now that the route has been defined, stages have to be defined for each particular route clearly specifying the departure stage and the destination stage by going into detail (F8). The process is as follows – after defining the route – highlight the relevant route you want to create the stages for and click on route stages folder in the left – you will come up with a blank tabular form where you have to click on the new entry button on the tool bar – pressing the new entry button will take you to the route stage in detail where departure and destination points have to be recorded for this particular stage. We can select a departure or a destination point from the transportation connection points previously defined. We can proceed with a new entry and continue with the assignments.
Maintain stages for all routes – this can be carried out to define some global changes in maintaining the route stages.
1. Route determination occurs in the SAP system during the sales order processing based on the following items –
 Country and departure zone (taken from shipping point) i.e. departure point.
 Country and receiving zone of the ship-to-party i.e. destination point.
 transportation group of the material master record
 shipping conditions in the sales order
 weight group (optional)
2. The system then copies the route as proposed in the sales order into the delivery document header. The route already determined in the sales order and copied into the delivery can be predetermined in the delivery document using the weight of the materials, which occurs when indicated during customizing the relevant delivery document type.
3. Define and assign transport zones – in this activity, you divide a country into transport zones. A customer exists in a transport zone and so does shipping point.
4. SAP determines the route for moving from a shipping point in one zone (departure point) to a customer in another zone (destination point) taking into account shipping conditions of the customer, weight and loading group of the material.
5. Here you assign all the zones that you require in route determination. Each zone has a description and an assignment to a country key. This country key is later used to determine what zones are relevant for what shipping points.
6. Maintain country and transportation zone for shipping point – in this assignment, you assign the departure zone to the shipping points you use. Note that the shipping point is maintained for a plant (configured in organisational structure) and the plant resides in a country; you must also enter the country key of the shipping point here. This country key determines what departure zones you are allowed to select from based on the previous settings.
7. Define transportation group – after defining transportation departure zones. The transportation groups are assigned to the material master record sales: general/plant view – shipping data. This transportation group is then copied into the delivery item.
8. it is advisable to make the transportation group field as mandatory while configuring the material master record, as this is the pre-requisite for the determination of the route during sales order processing.
9. The next step is to make sure that if the shipping conditions have been defined correctly in IMG, as they are used in the determination of both Route determination as well as the Shipping point. The shipping condition is assigned to a “customer master record”.
10. The next step is to maintain route determination – where departure zones are assigned to destination zones with the relevant country keys.
11. Highlight the relevant country information and you can enter the relevant route information with the proposed route and shipping conditions. (Proposed route is determined from routes and stages defined earlier). Here you can find route determination based on either “transportation group” or “weight group”
12. Define weight groups - Route determination is carried out in the sales order. When creating the delivery, you can have the system carry out route determination again. In addition to the criteria for route determination contained in the order item (destination country, departure country, transportation zone, shipping conditions and transportation group) the system also takes the weight of the delivery into account.
13. for example lets say the customers shipping condition is “as soon as possible” – it makes sense to send the stock by air, but this might be too expensive if the weight of the material is more than 50 kilos. So you can say, for this customer, if the material is less than 50 kilos use the route that has the transportation type by air, and if more than 50 kilos, use a road or a sea route. The weight group can therefore be used to determine the route, taking into consideration the weight of the delivery. This is very important when sending stock by rail or truck.
14. It is suggested to use truck for smaller quantities and rail for transporting larger quantities. Therefore for smaller quantities determine a route that is defined for road shipments and for larger quantities determine a route that is defined for rail shipments.
15. This is where you define the weight groups. 1. In the "weight group" column, enter an alphanumeric key. 2. Enter a description, (e.g. up to what weight this weight group should apply). 3. In the detail data, assign the exact weights up to which the weight groups are valid using the corresponding weight units. This involves a to-scale.
16. define new route determination by delivery type - should you wish the route to be re-determined during the delivery process, you can assign one of the following indicators in the relevant delivery document -
blank – which indicates no new check
A – indicates new route determination without a check
B – indicates new route determination with a check
17. The check performed is the comparison of the proposed route with the actual routes allowed. Proceed to define allowed actual route to proposed route – in this assignment, you merely assign additional routes to the proposed routes that the system determines automatically.
18. These additional routes can be entered manually or they can be used to determine if they are valid in the re-determination of the route in the delivery.
REWARD POINTS IF HELPFUL
Regards
Sai
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