sap qUERY

Former Member · ‎10-09-2007

Hi SAP Gurus,

Can any one please give me settings in IMG . for SAP Query.

I want to design my own query for following information.

Material

cust materila

tax

sales order

qty

invoice / billing doc.

delivery no.

Pls help me out with neccessary settings in SAP.

I did sq03 but got hold at package??

Regards

guest

former_member227476 · ‎10-10-2007

dear aguest

for SAP query

SQVI is used to convert a Quick View into a query.

Quick Viewer:

The Quick Viewer allows you to define reports without having to program yourself. The Quick Viewer is especially useful for new users and occasional use.

Quick Viewer is a tool for generating reports. SAP Query offers the user a whole range of options for defining reports. SAP Query also supports different kinds of reports such as basic lists, statistics, and ranked lists. Quick Viewer, on the other hand, is a tool that allows even relatively inexperienced users to create basic lists.

Quick View definitions are user-dependent. You can transfer a Quick View into SAP Query in order to make reports, for example, accessible to additional users, or to use the other functions available in SAP Query.

The following is a comparison of Quick Views and queries:

QuickViews possess the same functional attributes as queries. However, only basic lists may be defined with QuickViews.

In contrast to queries, no user group assignment is necessary with QuickViews. Each user has his/her own personal list of QuickViews. QuickViews cannot be exchanged between users. QuickViews may, however, be converted to queries and then be made available to other users in a specific user group.

InfoSets are not required for QuickView definition. Whenever you define a QuickView, you can specify its data source explicitly. Tables, database views, table joins, logical databases, and even InfoSets, can all serve as data sources for a QuickView. You can only use additional tables and additional fields if you use an InfoSet as a data source.

The QuickViewer uses various controls. Certain hardware and software requirements must also be fulfilled before you can use the QuickViewer.

To define a QuickView, you select certain fields according to your data source that determine the structure of your report. The report can be executed in basis mode with standard layout or may be edited using drag and drop and the other toolbox functions available in WYSIWYG mode.

Reports created using the QuickViewer may also be passed to external programs (Excel, for example).

Call the QuickViewer using System -> Services -> QuickViewer (or transaction SQVI).

Enter the name of the QuickView. QuickView names can contain a maximum of 14 characters.

Choose Create.

Enter a title for the QuickView and remarks, if you think they are relevant.

If you do not want to base your list on a table, use the possible entries pushbutton in the Data source field to select another data source. You can choose logical databases or InfoSets. In addition, you may also create table joins. For further information, see Selecting a Data Source.

Choose Basis mode if you want to create the list directly with no list design. Choose Layout mode if you want to define the layout of your list yourself.

SQVI Table Quick viewer – Used to created quick client dependent reports

Probably the easiest and most flexible way to do this is thru one of the abap query transactions.

Transaction SQVI can do this and it has a very good help function that explains how it works... the drawback is that it is only for one user.

You can play around with it and see if it meets your needs...

The query results will come back in an ALV Grid or Excel... you can select what fields are returned, and have a selection screen to enter the search criteria.

To allow any user to run a query, then you can create an Infoset with transaction SQ02 (you define what fields the user will get in their results, and what fields will appear on the selection screen), then create a multi user query using transaction SQ01 and the infoset you created in SQ02. One of the basis people can then create a transaction from your sq01 query, and that transaction can then be moved into production.

SQVI and SQ02/SQ01 are far more powerful than SE16 as they allow you to do table joins. SQ02 also allows you to create computed fields.

Got the above info from a link

Also see this

http://supplychain.ittoolbox.com/groups/groups.asp?v=sap-r3-log-mm&i=783523

rewards if it helps

siva

Message was edited by:

siva narayana

Former Member · ‎10-10-2007

Hi Aguest,

This is the process for joining two tables in abap query.

Goto transaction SQ02 and maintain your infoset .Inside the infoset click on JOIN BASIS table and write the name of the first table from which you want to extract data.For e.g. your first table is VBAK and press enter ,then you join another table VBAP.You can join only those tables which have some link (common values) amongst themselves.

After Creating infoset you have to assign this infoset to user group.In SD case user group would be SD.You also need to assign your user name to this user grp.This can be done in SQ03.

Now goto transaction SQ01 and create your query.Here you will decide your selection screen and the display screen of your query.

Hope this adds information.

Thanks

Mohan

Former Member · ‎10-09-2007

Hi,

Please find the Complete Doc on Query which will help you :

ABAP QUERY: PROCESS

1) SQ03: Here u define a User Group which is a set of all users who will be authorized to execute the report. So assign ur user ID to this USER GRP.

2) SQ02 : Here u define the infoset i.e. information set means u will provide information here that from which tables you need to select the fields or if tables and joins are not used then from which LDB u want to cull out the reports. So u specifies it here.

So whatever u choose here will be selected as an information to display in the report. And generate it.

Once above two steps are done then before going to SQ01 you have to again go to the SQ01 and assign the infoset created in SQ02 to USER GRP created in SQ01. Then go to step 3.

3) SQ01: Here you execute the report on the basis of selection given in SQ02.

Now u have options here in order to make the report more interactive more lively by coloring or by making them bold and u can select the columns in a drag and drop fashion among all the fields u have given as a selection criterion while creating Infosets. As u might not want to include some details in the report which are necessary for culling out data in SQ02 while creating Infosets.Like Key fields are inevitable for joins but u dont want them in report then u can easily remove them here.

http://www.sap-img.com/abap/what-is-sap-queries.htm

Create Functional Area

In the functional area section, the user indicates from which part of the SAP database the data is going to be retrieved and how the data is to be retrieved by the query. One functional area can be assigned to many user groups. A functional area can be created with or without a logical database. To create a functional area with a logical database, one has to mention the name of the database and then select the fields from the tables that form the logical database.

ABAP Query Authorizations: To use an ABAP query, the user must have appropriate authorizations. Two ways of providing authorizations to the users are as follows:

- User groups

The user should be a part of at least one user group to run the corresponding ABAP query. This automatically restricts the access of the user to specific functional areas, and thus the corresponding underlying logical databases.

- Authorizations

The authorization object S_QUERY should be used to give proper authorizations to the user for a query. This authorization object has a field named ACTVT which can take values 02 for Change, 23 for Maintain and 67 for Translate.

This value determines whether the user can create and modify the query. The possible authorizations in the object are as follows:

S_QUERY_ALL Change, maintain and translate query

S_QUERY_UPD Change and Translate

Check http://www.sappoint.com

and also check: http://www.onestopsap.com/SAP-Tips/

It has good document for SAP Query.

A2. Why ABAP/4 Queries?

Many times a need arises for SAP Users and Functional Consultants to generate quick reports without getting any ABAP coding done – time taken to complete the coding in development, transport and test it in QA system and then transport to production – is sometimes too long. In such cases, ABAP/4 query is a tool provided by SAP for generating these kind of reports.

This document aims at explaining the concept of ABAP/4 query in a simple and straight forward manner. The reader of this document should have a moderate knowledge of ABAP concepts and authorizations for understanding the concept of ABAP query.

Type of Report Desired

Before starting to write an ABAP query, its advisable to decide the type of report that the user wants. ABAP query provides the following type of reports:

• Basic List Simple report

• Statistics Report containing statistical functions like Average &Percentage

• Ranked List Report written for analytical purpose

Read This Nugget

The output is always seen in the order of Basic List, then Statistics and then Ranked List if any. One ABAP query can have one basic list, maximum of 9 statistics and maximum of 9 ranked lists.

In a nutshell, an ABAP/4 query can be designed in four steps

1. Creation of a user group

2. Creation of functional area

3. Assignment of user group to functional area

4. Creation of the query based on functional area

The various objects that form an ABAP query can be created in the following 2 ways:

Tools => ABAP/4 Workbench => Utilities => ABAP/4 Query

OR

By executing the transaction codes mentioned below

• SQ01 ABAP/4 Query

• SQ02 Functional Area

• SQ03 User group

Step I Create Functional Area

In the functional area section, the user indicates from which part of the SAP database the data is going to be retrieved and how the data is to be retrieved by the query. One functional area can be assigned to many user groups. A functional area can be created with or without a logical database.

To create a functional area with a logical database, one has to mention the name of the database and then select the fields from the tables that form the logical database.

Creating Functional Areas using a Logical Database

To create the functional area with a logical database

• Tools => ABAP/4 Workbench => Utilities => ABAP/4 query => Functional Areas.

• Give the functional area name and click on Create button

• In the next screen give a brief description of the functional area

• Specify the name of the logical database, for e.g. Database FI, Application S. This will be the definition for the flight database

• Click on the button Functional Group present on the application toolbar, in order to create the functional group for the required fields from the logical database tables

• In the functional group box mention the number of the functional group and the description for the functional group

• The tables from the logical database are shown in Tables Of Logical Database/Joins while the fields are displayed in the Fields Box

• Double click on the table name in order to change the list

• Every field that has to be selected in the query should be assigned a functional group number against it

• Sometimes the list of fields in the Fields box will not be completely visible. To have a wider display of the list place the cursor in the fields box area and click on Settings => Full Screen from the SAP menu bar

• To see the fields from different tables select the table and double click on it.

• Once the required fields are selected, save the functional Area by clicking on the SAVE icon on the toolbar, and then Generate the Functional Area by clicking the Generate icon on the toolbar

• To add user defined fields to the abap query use the menu bar option GOTO => Additional Field

• Give the field name and the table name from the logical database to which the field needs to be included. Click the ENTER button.

• On the next screen give the Sequence, description, title and the technical attributes for the field (field type, length). Here you can also specify the formula for the field. Click on the SAVE button to register the data to the database.

• Remember that the sequence of the field matters – if the second field uses the first field in its code then the second field should have a higher sequence than the first. Tables can also be included – to do this use the menu option Goto => Additional Tables

• You can include your own selection criteria and parameters to control the data to be selected from the database. For these additions to get activated, code needs to be written for taking care of the additional fields.

• To display something before the execution of the actual query, go to the start of selection event via the menu path Goto => Code => Start-of-selection.

• To display something just before or after the output of the query, go to the end of selection event via the menu path Goto => Code => End-of-selection.

• To display something at the beginning of the page, go to the top of page event via the menu path Goto => Code => Top-of-page.

After finishing everything save and generate the functional area and click on the BACK icon to come out.

To create a functional area without a logical database

One of the following can be selected

• Based on a single table

• Using an ABAP/4 program

• Using Table Joins

• Using Sequential Dataset

The steps to be followed for creating the functional area are as follows

• Tools => ABAP/4 Workbench => Utilities => ABAP/4 query => Functional Areas.

• Give the functional area name and click on Create button

• In the next screen give a brief description of the functional area

• In the Without a logical database area give the base table on which to form the ABAP query

• To form the query with two or three tables, we need to create a join. For this check the Table Join Check Box and click on the Table Join button.

NOTE: The tables to be used in the join should have at least one field in common i.e. it should have the same name, domain or data element.

Mention the tables that you want to include in the join condition in the Joined Tables area and press ENTER.

A checkbox will appear against the table names on the left side, and three radio buttons will appear against the tables on the right side specifying the join type.

• Base table name remains grayed out. Select the two tables to be involved in the join by clicking the check boxes against them. Use menu path Edit => Join => Define condition to create the join. A mapping between the tables will be displayed on the right hand side. Click on the button provided (with + and down arrow symbol) to specify the join.

• Click YES on the Proposal Requested message that gets displayed.

• If the join tables have a foreign key relationship then the common fields in the tables will be marked with 00 to indicate that the join has been created. User can create the join by specifying 00, 01 etc. against the fields that qualify for the join.

• Complete the join condition by adding more tables if necessary.

Remaining concepts for creating the functional area without a logical database are same as the concepts for creating the functional area with a logical database.

After finishing everything save and generate the functional area and click on the BACK icon to come out.

Creating the User Group

STEP II Creating User Group

Here you specify the users who should be authorized to run the query. A user group is always associated with a Functional Area.

• Go to the menu path Environment => User Group. Give a user group name in the screen that comes next.

• Specify the sap logins of the users whom you want to authorize for using the functional area and click on the Create button.

• Use the menu path Assign Functional Area to assign the functional area to the user group.

• Save the user group and back out of the screen by clicking the Back button.

Note: One user group can be assigned to any number of functional areas with logical database or without logical database.

The final step is to create the actual query.

Creating the ABAP Query

Page 5 of 8

STEP III Creating The Query

• In order to create the query use the menu path Environment => Queries

• Give a name to the query and click on the Create button

• Give the description of the query in the next screen. Specify the output length and select the processing option from the Further Processing Options box. The data can be displayed in various formats such as table, download to a file, and display in Word etc.

• Click on the Next screen icon. Select the functional group screen. All the functional groups created in the functional area are displayed. Select the groups that you desire – fields from only these groups will be displayed in the output. Click on the respective check boxes and click on the Next Screen icon.

• The Select Field screen gets displayed. Select all the fields from the user group that you need to display on the output of the query. If required, specify the short names for the fields using the menu path Edit => Short Names => Switch On/Off or you can also change the selection text contains in the order you want to appear on the selection screen. You can also maintain column headers for the fields by using the menu path Edit => Column Header => Maintain.

• Click on the Next Screen icon to get the Selections Screen. Here you can check against the fields that you require to be shown on the selection screen.

• Now we need to specify the output type for the query as Basic List, Statistics or Ranked List. Choose the option Basic List.

• On the Basic List line structure screen the following things can be done

o Specify the report layout in detail – lines on which the fields will appear.

o Order in which the fields will appear in the output

o Sort order for the fields – this is optional.

o For the numeric fields you can check against the fields for which you require totals in the output.

o Beautify the output according to the options provided.

• Click on the next screen icon, to specify the control levels as mentioned below

o Specify the sort order. The default sort order is ascending and can be changed to descending if required.

o Totals for each field selected for sorting can be displayed

o To display the output of a field in a box click on the check box against box. To display a line after the output of a field, click on the check box against BlnkLn

o To display the output of a field on a new page click on the check box against New Page

• Click on the next screen icon to get the List Line options Screen. Here you can specify the background color for displaying the output.

• Click on the next screen icon to get the Field Output Option screen. In this you can specify the following:

o Change the output length or the display positions of the fields

o Specify the display position of the unit for quantity or currency fields. Click left radio button to display it before the figure, middle radio button to display it after the figure while last radio button to hide the unit altogether.

o Specify color for the column of every field under the Format option.

o Specify the label against the output of sort fields.

• Click on the Next screen option to go to the Basic List Header screen. Here you can specify

o Give page header and page footer for the output

o Include user name and date by specifying &N and &D respectively.

After providing all the above options you can save the query and execute it by clicking the Execute button twice.

Please check the below Link

http://www.thespot4sap.com/Articles/SAP_ABAP_Queries_Create_The_Query.asp

Please Reward If Really Helpful,

Thanks and Regards,

Sateesh.Kandula

Former Member · ‎10-09-2007

pls use transaction code SQVI then

it is an useful within SAP where you can create your own report based on the available tables of standard SAP (i.e. tax data in t007a etc... VBAK, BSEG etc...)

it is really easy to use that you do not need a manual for

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/d1/44f2b5c7f411d296080000e82de14a/frameset.htm

pls reward if helpful

kr

hakan

Former Member · ‎10-09-2007

Hi,first setp for ABAP Query is Create a User group-SQ03

then second step is create infoset-SQ02

then here select direct read from the table ex then select include all table fields.then click on <b>join</b> tab in the nxt screen

then click on insert table then here enter vbap.

then select fields what ever u want from that tables.

then goto SQ01 and execute this query.

save it in local object.

reward points if it helps

thanks&regards

veera.

Former Member · ‎10-09-2007

Dear Gurus,

Can some one provide me any document with detailed description of creating a SAP Query.

Please mail the same to sridhar.sd@gmail.com

regards

Sridhar.P

Former Member · ‎10-09-2007

SAP Easy Access—Tools~~ABAP Workbench—Utilities~~SAP Query

sap qUERY

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