on 09-06-2007 8:02 AM
Hello Gurus,
Please explain me the concept of encoterms in detail, as I got to work on that.
Hello friend,
First of all let me make it clear to you that Incoterms are not a SAP defined terminology. It is defined by International Chamber of Commerce as International Commercial Terms and now popular known with its short form Incoterms.
Incoterms are standard trade definitions most commonly used in international sales contracts. Devised and published by the International Chamber of Commerce, they are well accepted at the heart of world trade.
To be more clear it is an internationally accepted commercial terms defining the respective roles of the buyer and seller in the arrangement of transportation and other responsibilities and clarify when the ownership of the merchandise takes place. They are used in conjunction with a sales agreement or other method of transacting the sale.
1. EXW - Ex Works -- Title and risk pass to buyer including payment of all transportation and insurance cost from the seller's door. Used for any mode of transportation.
2. FCA - Free Carrier -- Title and risk pass to buyer including transportation and insurance cost when the seller delivers goods cleared for export to the carrier. Seller is obligated to load the goods on the Buyer's collecting vehicle; it is the Buyer's obligation to receive the Seller's arriving vehicle unloaded.
3. FAS - Free alongside Ship --Title and risk pass to buyer including payment of all transportation and insurance cost once delivered alongside ship by the seller. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation. The export clearance obligation rests with the seller.
4. FOB - Free On Board and risk pass to buyer including payment of all transportation and insurance cost once delivered on board the ship by the seller. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation.
5. CFR - Cost and Freight -- Title, risk and insurance cost pass to buyer when delivered on board the ship by seller who pays the transportation cost to the destination port. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation.
6. CIF - Cost, Insurance and Freight -- Title and risk pass to buyer when delivered on board the ship by seller who pays transportation and insurance cost to destination port. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation.
7. CPT - Carriage paid to -- Title, risk and insurance cost pass to buyer when delivered to carrier by seller who pays transportation cost to destination. Used for any mode of transportation.
8. CIP - Carriage and Insurance Paid to --Title and risk pass to buyer when delivered to carrier by seller who pays transportation and insurance cost to destination. Used for any mode of transportation.
9. DAF - Delivered at Frontier -- Title, risk and responsibility for import clearance pass to buyer when delivered to named border point by seller. Used for any mode of transportation.
10. DES - Delivered Ex Ship -- Title, risk, responsibility for vessel discharge and import clearance pass to buyer when seller delivers goods on board the ship to destination port. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation.
11. DEQ - Delivered Ex Quay (Duty Paid) -- Title and risk pass to buyer when delivered on board the ship at the destination point by the seller who delivers goods on dock at destination point cleared for import. Used for sea or inland waterway transportation. DDU - Delivered Duty Unpaid -- Title, risk and responsibility of import clearance pass to buyer when seller delivers goods to named destination point. Used for any mode of transportation. Buyer is obligated for import clearance.
12. DDU - Delivered Duty Unpaid -- Seller fulfills his obligation when goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation
13. DDP - Delivered Duty Paid -- Title and risk pass to buyer when seller delivers goods to named destination point cleared for import. Used for any mode of transportation.
<b>Note: EXW, CPT, CIP, DAF, DDU and DDP are commonly used for any mode of transportation. FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF, DES, and DEQ are used for sea and inland waterway.</b>
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INternational COmmercial TERMS - Codification of international rules for the interpretation of the most commonly used terms in international trade. They define the terms of sale and the passing of risks for import and export of merchandise. The 13 incoterms include the following:
EXW - Ex Works
FCA - Free Carriage and Freight)
FAS - Free Alongside Ship
FOB - Free On Board ship)
CFR - Cost and Freight
CIF - Cost, Insurance and Freight
CPT - Carriage Paid To
You specify the Incoterms in the customer master record.
From the customer master records, the SAP System copies the Incoterms automatically into the documents.
In pricing, you can use the Incoterms to determine freight charges.
CIP - Carriage and Insurance Paid To
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HI
Incoterms (part 1)
Commonly-used trading terms that comply with the standards established by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).
Use
Incoterms specify certain internationally recognised procedures that the shipper and the receiving party must follow for the shipping transaction to be successfully completed.
Example
If goods are shipped through a port of departure, the appropriate Incoterm might be: FOB ("Free On Board"). You can provide further details (for example, the name of the port) in the secondary Incoterm field: FOB Boston, for example
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Sales and Distribution (SD) International commercial term:
A codification of international rules for the interpretation of the commonly used terms in international trade.
An international commercial term (Incoterm) defines the terms of sale and the passing of risks for import and export of merchandise.
Incoterms include the following:
EXW - Ex Works
FCA - Free Carriage and Freight
FAS - Free Alongside Ship
FOB - Free On Board ship
CFR - Cost and Freight
CIF - Cost, Insurance, and Freight
CPT - Carriage Paid To
CIP - Carriage and Insurance Paid To
DAF - Delivered At Frontier
DES - Delivered Ex Ship
DEQ - Delivered Ex Quay
DDU - Delivered Duty Unpaid
DDP - Delivered Duty Paid
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