Hello David,
<b>Condition Technique as used in ‘Pricing’ –</b>
1. The condition technique is the single largest configuration technique used in sales & distribution module. In pricing a number of alternatives are available to base the price of a product. These alternatives are based upon specific conditions/scenarios that arise during a sale - such as customer belonging to a large corporation - which attracts a lower price compared to the standard sale price. This is governed by the condition technique.
2. A ‘condition’ in general can be explained as specific scenario that apply during a sale such as special price for a customer group, discount being offered, taxes or surcharges that apply, relevant material for the sale etc.
3. Conditions similar in nature are grouped together as ‘condition types’. Therefore you can have condition types for prices (ex – customer price, product price, and product group price), discounts, and taxes and so on.
4. The ‘condition record’ is the actual record found on the basis of specific values in fields, placed in a condition table; in other words condition record is a value given to a specific field in a condition table which is entered in the SAP easy access (VK11).
5. The ‘condition table’ is a table comprising of fields and is used in finding a relevant condition record, and a condition table is placed in an access sequence. (Each element in a business transaction can be considered as a ‘Field’).
6. The ‘access sequence’ is the sequential placing of condition tables in a logical order (most specific to most general) to obtain a condition record. When SAP must find a price, it finds all the prices that meet the conditions in the sale. Once all the relevant records have been selected, the system uses the access sequence to determine which one to use. This process of finding a price is called ‘determination of price’.
7. An access sequence is assigned to a condition type and this condition type is placed into a pricing procedure. SAP standard pricing structure is as follows –
Standard pricing procedure – RVAA01
Inside this procedure, we have a pricing condition type – PR00
The condition type would use the access sequence – PR00
An access sequence consists of condition tables placed in a logical order from the most specific condition to the most general. The ‘exclusive’ indicator used in configuring access sequence to ensure no duplicate pricing is carried out; the indicator controls the system to stop searching for further records after the first successful attempt. The ‘requirement’ column that exists in the configuration of access sequence is to restrict the system to carry out search in that particular condition table until and unless the requirement specified is met.
Define condition types -
8. Menu path: IMG – sales & distribution – basic functions – pricing – pricing control. Transaction code – V/06.
9. Condition types define pricing elements such as prices, discounts, surcharges and taxes. They are used in the pricing procedure to define how the condition is going to perform, such as either a percentage or a fixed value. The condition type indicates, for example, whether, during pricing, the system applies a price, a discount, a surcharge, or other pricing elements, such as freight costs and sales taxes. For each of these pricing elements, there is a condition type defined in the system. There exist a number of pre-defined condition types in SAP which can either be automatic or can allow manual changes.
10. Should you want to make any alteration to the existing condition type or assign a new access sequence to an existing condition type – it is suggested to copy the existing condition type and change its name to begin with letter Z.
11. There are a number of pre-defined SAP condition types that copied and altered in most cases – the following is the table showing condition types that are often changed and some that are not so often changed –
Note: the condition types used to determine taxes are country specific and so are not mentioned in this table.
Process flow of determining a pricing procedure –
Transaction code – V/05. Menu path – IMG – sales and distribution – basic functions – pricing – pricing control – define condition tables. Here the function key F4 can be used to check if SAP standard has already provided the required condition table with relevant fields.
If there exists no suitable table to select from the list that serves the business purpose, a new table can be created using three digits with a number of 501 – 999 with required fields. Click on generate and a new table will be generated.
The next step is to create an access sequence with the tables defined or selected earlier (T-code = V/07). It is suggested to name the access sequence, same as the condition type, to promote ease of use.
Click on new entries and enter and description of the new access sequence you want to create. Then proceed with assigning the relevant condition tables by selecting ‘accesses’ folder.
Assign the relevant condition tables here and do not forget to ‘select the exclusive indicator’ as it restricts the system to further search for the record after its first successful attempt.
Be sure to use the ‘requirements’ field as much as possible while configuring access sequence as it will ensure no unnecessary reading of access steps and thus no unnecessary reading of all associated tables and fields in it.
Save and exit the access sequence created. The next step is to assign the access sequence to a condition type.
To create a condition type, proceed to t-code V/06.
Here, copy the closest condition type found and change the name. Do not forget to assign the relevant ‘Access Sequence’ here, while configuring the control data of condition type – and then save and exit. A new condition type is created which needs to be placed in a ‘pricing procedure’.
Proceed to ‘maintain pricing procedure’. Select the standard pricing procedure and go to control data – and then replace the condition type that was copied and renamed earlier with the new condition type created. Save and exit.
In order for the new pricing procedure to come into effect – document pricing procedure and customer pricing procedure have to be defined and assigned to the relevant sales areas under ‘define pricing procedure determination’.
Note: condition type is assigned in two places during this whole process –
Maintain pricing procedures – assigned to the relevant pricing procedure in control data.
Define pricing procedure determination – assigned to sales area with pricing procedure.
The basic difference is – the first case is the actual assignment of condition type to pricing procedure, which is mandatory in order for a pricing procedure to be effective. On the other hand the second case is the proposed condition type for fast entry which is directly proposed during the sales order processing at the item level. The second case has nothing to do with the functionality of the pricing procedure.
The following is the sequence when customizing for determining a pricing procedure –
Put the fields you need into the field catalog.
Create the condition tables.
Create the access sequence.
Assign the condition tables to the access sequence.
Create the condition type.
Assign the access sequence to the condition types.
Create the required determination procedure and assign the condition types to it.
Define the customer and document pricing procedures.
Assign the determination procedure and condition type to the relevant sales area, and to a combination of document pricing procedure and customer pricing procedure.
Lastly, create the necessary condition records (VK11).
<b>Reward points if helpful.</b>
Regards
Sai
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