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SapScript
Transaction codes:
SE71 Form painter
SE72 Style maintenance
SE73 SapScript font maintenance
SO10 Create standard text module
Contents
Symbols and Control commands
Frames, Lines and Shading
Calling ABAP subroutines
The Print Program
Styles
Modifications
Symbols and Control commands
Symbols are placeholders for values that are inserted during print formatting.
Symbols are identified by name surrounded by "&" and are not case sensitive
· Types of symbols
· Formatting
· Control commands
Types of symbols
System symbols
DATE Date
DAY Day
NAME_OF_DAY Name of day
MONTH Month
YEAR Year
TIME Time
HOURS Hours
MINUTES Minutes
SECONDS Seconds
PAGE Page number
NEXTPAGE Number of next pagre
DEVICE Output device
SPACE Blank space
ULINE Underline
VLINE Vertical line
Standard symbols
Standard symbols are user defined and are maintained in table TTDG. You use transaction SM30 to change or display standard symbols.
An examples of standard symbols is &MFG& fot "Yours faithfully"
Standard text
Standard texts is predifined texts that can be used in more than one form. Standard texts are can be created, changed and displayed using transaction SO10.
The text ID is used to classify texts.
To include a standard text in a form, use the INCLUDE command:
/: INCLUDE Z_BC460_EX4_HF OBJECT TEXT ID SDVD
When formatting the standard text the PARAGRAPH parameter is used. To center the text use:
/: INCLUDE
Parameters:
OBJECT E.g. TEXT, DOKU (Document), DSYS (Hypertext).
ID Text ID -Text ID is a way to group texts - Se transaction SO10
LANGUAGE If the parameter is not specefied, the logon language will be used
PARAGRAPH The text to be included is formatted using the style allocated. The PARAGRAPH parameter can be used to redefine the standard paragraph for this style for the current call. All *-paragraphs in the included text will then be formatted using the paragraph specified here.
· Object
· ID
· Language
· Paragraph
Standard texts are maintained in transaction SO10.
Example 1:
You have created a standard text in SO10 Named MYTEXT and with Text Id ST
/: INCLUDE MYTEXT OBJECT text ID st
Example 2:
You can also use a dynamic name so that you can retreive a ext depeding of the name variable:
/: INCLUDE &SCUSTOM-NAME& text ID st.
Depending on the name in the variable &SCUSTOM-NAME& different texts will be shown. Note that a text with the name in the variable &SCUSTOM-NAME& name must be created in SO10.
DEFINE
/: DEFINE &SYMBOL& = 'String1 String2'
/: DEFINE &CUST& = '00000021'.
ADDRESS-ENDDRESS
The ADDRESS-ENDADDRESS command formats addresses according to the postal norms of the recipient's country, as defined in the
country parameter.
/: ADDRESS DELIVERY PARAGRAPH AD
/: NAME &KNA1-NAME&
/: STREET &KNA1-STRAS&
/: POSTCODE &KNA1-PSTLZ&
/: CITY &KNA1-ORT01&
/: COUNTRY &KNA1-LAND1&
/: FROMCOUNTRY 'DE'
/: ENDADDRESS
Time Date and decimal format
Examples:
/: SET TIME MASK = 'HH:MM'
/: SET DATE MASK = 'DD.MMMM.YYYY'
/: SET COUNTRY 'USA'
PROTECT-ENDPROTECT
Is used to avoid pagebreaks in a paragraph. The text lines to be protected are enclosed between the two commands. If there is not enough room on the page, the PROTECT command acts as a NEW-PAGE command and inserts a page break.
/: PROTECT
:
:
/: ENDPROTECT
5. Conditonal text ouput IF - ENDIF and CASE - ENDCASE
You can use IF/ENDIF and CASE/ENDCASE like in a normal ABAP program
/: IF condition
:
:
/: ENDIF
and
/: IF condition
:
/: ELSE
:
/: ENDIF
Example:
/: IF &SPFLI-CITYTO& = "BERLIN"
/: ENDIF
/: CASE
The intensity is the grey scale of the box as %. The frame parameters is the thickness of the frame. Default is 0.
Each of the paramteters ypos, xpos, width, height and frame muts be followed of the measurement unit:
· TW (twip)
· PT (point)
· IN (inch)
· MM (millimeter)
· CM (centimeter)
· LN (line)
· CH (character).
Examples:
/: BOX XPOS '11.21' MM YPOS '5.31' MM HEIGHT '10' MM WIDTH '20' MM INTENSITY 10 FRAME 0 TW
/: BOX FRAME 10 TW
Draws a frame around the current window with a frame thickness of 10 TW (= 0.5 PT).
/: BOX INTENSITY 10
Fills the window background with shading having a gray scale of 10 %.
/: BOX HEIGHT 0 TW FRAME 10 TW
Draws a horizontal line across the complete top edge of the window.
/: BOX WIDTH 0 TW FRAME 10 TW
Draws a vertical line along the complete height of the left hand edge of the window.
/: BOX WIDTH '17.5' CM HEIGHT 1 CM FRAME 10 TW INTENSITY 15
/: BOX WIDTH '17.5' CM HEIGHT '13.5' CM FRAME 10 TW
/: BOX XPOS '10.0' CM WIDTH 0 TW HEIGHT '13.5' CM FRAME 10 TW
/: BOX XPOS '13.5' CM WIDTH 0 TW HEIGHT '13.5' CM FRAME 10 TW
Draws two rectangles and two lines to construct a table of three columns with a highlighted heading section.
POSITION and SIZE
You can use the POSITION and SIZE commands to set default parmeters for a box. This can be usefull if you have several boxes that share the same parameters.
Example:
/: POSITION XORIGIN '11.21' YORIGIN '5.31' MM
/: SIZE HEIGHT '2' MM WIDTH '76' MM
/: BOX FRAME 10 TW INTENSITY 10
If you want to set the position realtively to the window use POSITION WINDOW to set the position to the top/left start of the window. Then use POSITION to set the current position relatively to the start of the Window. Note that
you uses "+" or "-" in the ORIGIN position to the set the position relatively.
/: POSITION WINDOW
/: POSITION XORIGIN '5' MM YORIGIN '10' MM
the position is now 5 MM from the left and 10 MM from the top of the window.
NOTE: After using the position command you can move the current position realtively to the last used position
/: POSITION XORIGIN '10' MM YORIGIN '20' MM
Now the position will be X = 15 and Y = 30
More examples:
/: POSITION WINDOW
Sets the origin for the coordinate system to the upper left corner of the window.
/: POSITION XORIGIN 2 CM YORIGIN '2.5 CM'
Sets the origin for the coordinate system to a point 2 cm from the left edge and 2.5 cm from the upper edge of the output page.
/: POSITION XORIGIN '-1.5' CM YORIGIN -1 CM
Shifts the origin for the coordinates 1.5 cm to the left and 1 cm up.
Drawing a line
You can draw a line by setting the Height or Width of a box to 0 and add a frame. E.g. a horizontal line:
/: SIZE HEIGHT '0' MM WIDTH '200' MM
/: BOX FRAME 10 TW XPOS '11.21' MM YPOS '14.81' MM INTENSITY 100
Window and Page
WINDOW sets the values for the width and height to the values of the current window (default setting).
PAGE Sets the values for the width and height to the values of the current output page.
Examples:
/: SIZE WINDOW
Sets WIDTH and HEIGHT to the current window dimensions.
/: SIZE WIDTH '3.5' CM HEIGHT '7.6' CM
Sets WIDTH to 3.5 cm and HEIGHT to 7.6 cm.
/: POSITION WINDOW
/: POSITION XORIGIN -20 TW YORIGIN -20 TW
/: SIZE WIDTH +40 TW HEIGHT +40 TW
/: BOX FRAME 10 TW
A frame is added to the current window. The edges of the frame extend beyond the edges of the window itself, so as to avoid obscuring the leading and trailing text characters.
Calling ABAP subroutines
Back to SapScript menu
You can call an ABAP subroutine from SapScript using the PERFORM statment. You can use this to get data without havning to cnahge the print program. In the examole below NAME is retreived from table SCUSTOM.
SapScript
/:DEFINE &CUST& = '00000021'.
/:PERFORM GET_NAME IN PROGRAM Z_BC460_EX4_HF
/: USING &CUST&
/: CHANGING &NAME&
/:ENDPERFORM.
Dear &NAME&
The ABAP routine
The ABAP routine could be defined as follows:
IMPORTANT: The structure itcsy must be used for the parameters.
REPORT Z_HENRIKF_SCRIPT_FORM .
TABLES scustom.
FORM get_name tables in_tab structure itcsy out_tab structure itcsy.
read table in_tab index 1.
select single * from scustom
where id = in_tab-value.
if sy-subrc = 0.
read table out_tab index 1.
move scustom-name to out_tab-value.
modify out_tab index sy-tabix.
else.
read table out_tab index 1.
move 'No name' to out_tab-value.
modify out_tab index sy-tabix.
endif.
ENDFORM.
Note that if you use more than one parameter you must use Using or Changing before every parameter !
/: PERFORM
/: USING &INVAR1&
/: USING &INVAR2&
......
/: CHANGING &OUTVAR1&
/: CHANGING &OUTVAR2&
......
/: ENDPERFORM
The Print Program
Back to SapScript menu
Structure of a print program
OPEN_FORM function
CLOSE_FORM function
WRITE_FORM
START_FORM function
END_FORM function
CONTROL_FORM function
The print program is used to print forms. The program retieves the necesary data from datbase tables, defines the order of in which text elements are printed, chooses a form for printing and selects an output device and print options.
Function modules in a printprogram:
· When you print a form you must used the staments OPEN_FORM and CLOSE_FORM. To combine forms into a single spool request use START_FORM and END_FORM.
· To print textelements in a form use WRITE_FORM. The order in which the textelements are printed, is determined by the order of the WRITE_FORM statements. Note: for printing lines in the body, you can also use the WRITE_FORM_LINES function module.
· To transfer control command to a form use CONTROL_FORM.
Structure of a print program
Tables: xxx.
SELECT *
FROM xxx.
call function 'OPEN_FORM'.....
call funtion 'START_FORM'.....
call function 'WRITE_FORM'.....
call funtion 'END_FORM'.....
call function 'CLOSE_FORM'...
OPEN_FORM function
Syntax:
CALL FUNCTION 'OPEN_FORM'
.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
ENDIF.
Some important parameters:
FORM Name of the form
DEVICE · PRINTER : Print output using spool · TELEFAX: Fax output · SCREEN: Output to screen
OPTIONS Used to control attrubutes for printing or faxing (Number of copies, immediate output....The input for the parameter is structure ITCPO.
CLOSE_FORM function
CALL FUNCTION 'CLOSE_FORM'
.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
ENDIF.
Paramerters:
RESULT Returns status information and print/fax parameters after the form has been printed. RESULT is of structure ITCPP.
WRITE_FORM function
CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
ENDIF.
Some important parameters:
ELEMENT Specifies which textelement is printed
WINDOW Specifies which window is printed
TYPE Specifies the output area of the main window. This can be:· TOP - Used for headers · BODY · BOTTOM - Used for footers
FUNCTION Specifies whether text is to be appended, replaced or added
Example of how to use the WRITE_FORM function module together with a script.
Form layout of the MAIN window
/E INTRODUCTION
...........................
/E ITEM_HEADER
IH Carrier, Departure
/E ITEM_LINE
IL &SBOOK-CARRID&, &SPFLI-DEPTIME&
/E CLOSING_REMARK
The print program
CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
EXPORTING
ELEMENT = 'INTRODUCTION'
FUNCTION = 'SET'
TYPE = 'BODY'
WINDOW = 'MAIN'
EXCEPTIONS
OTHERS = 8
.
CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
EXPORTING
ELEMENT = 'ITEM_HEADER'
FUNCTION = 'SET'
TYPE = 'BODY'
WINDOW = 'MAIN'
EXCEPTIONS
OTHERS = 8
.
CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
EXPORTING
ELEMENT = 'ITEM_HEADER'
FUNCTION = 'SET'
TYPE = 'TOP'
WINDOW = 'MAIN'
EXCEPTIONS
OTHERS = 8
LOOP AT .....
CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
EXPORTING
ELEMENT = 'ITEM_LINE'
FUNCTION = 'SET'
TYPE = 'BODY'
WINDOW = 'MAIN'
EXCEPTIONS
OTHERS = 8.
ENDLOOP.
CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
EXPORTING
ELEMENT = 'ITEM_HEADER'
FUNCTION = 'DELETE'
TYPE = 'TOP'
WINDOW = 'MAIN'
EXCEPTIONS
OTHERS = 8
CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
EXPORTING
ELEMENT = 'CLOSING_REMARK'
FUNCTION = 'SET'
TYPE = 'BODY'
WINDOW = 'MAIN'
EXCEPTIONS
OTHERS = 8
START_FORM function
CALL FUNCTION 'START_FORM'
EXPORTING
ARCHIVE_INDEX =
FORM = ' '
LANGUAGE = ' '
STARTPAGE = ' '
PROGRAM = ' '
MAIL_APPL_OBJECT =
IMPORTING
LANGUAGE =
EXCEPTIONS
FORM = 1
FORMAT = 2
UNENDED = 3
UNOPENED = 4
UNUSED = 5
SPOOL_ERROR = 6
OTHERS = 7
.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
ENDIF.
END_FORM function
CALL FUNCTION 'END_FORM'
.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
ENDIF.
CONTROL_FORM function
The CONTROL_FORM function module allows you to create SapScript control statements from within an APAB program.
Syntax:
CALL FUNCTION 'CONTROL_FORM'
EXPORTING
command =
EXCEPTIONS
UNOPENED = 1
UNSTARTED = 2
OTHERS = 3
.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
ENDIF.
Example:
Protecting the text element ITEM_LINE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONTROL_FORM'
EXPORTING
COMMAND = 'PROTECT'.
CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
EXPORTING
TEXELEMENT = 'ITEM_LINE'.
CALL FUNCTION 'CONTROL_FORM'
EXPORTING
COMMAND = 'ENDPROTECT'.
Styles
Styles are used to predefine paragraph and character formats for forms. SAP provides several standard styles e.g. for Address includes, on-line documentation and so on. You can define your own styles.
To find styles, create styles and maintainse styles, use transaction SE72.
You assign style to a text by using menu Format -> Style
You can make temporary style changes using the control command /: STYLE
Modifications
Considerations in connection with modifications
The standard SAP print program should only be changed when it is absolutely necessary. If additional data is needed, these can in many cases be retrieved using a a PERFORM statement in the form instead of changing the print program..
There can be the following reasons to change the print program:
· Structureal changes
· New text eloements are needed
· Print program to be used to print additional forms
Determine/change which forms and printprograms that are used for printing
The forms and print programs for a given output type and application can be found in table TNAPR Processing programs for output
Use view V_TNAPR in (Transaction SE30) to change entries.
Graphics on SAPScript
The program RSTXLDMC can be used to upload graphics (file extension .tif on PC files) into individual standard text.
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