Questions

[Former Member]

Hi,

I have some questions.Please send me the answers for these questions.

1.How can validate input values in selection screen and which event was fired?

2.Which is the First character of creating Lock Object?

3.What is the Difference between Data Element and Domain?

4. How many types of standard SAP Internal Tables?

5.What is the Difference Between Table controls and Step Loops ?

6.What are the Events in Dialog Programs ?

7.How many ways you can create Table?

8.What are the Cluster Tables?

9.How can you create push buttons in the Menu Painter?

10.How many Layout sets u can create at a time?

11.What are the Paragraph and character format?

12.What are function modules in LDB?

13.How can u create your own Function Module ?

14.What are Difference Between Classical Batch Input and Call transaction ?

15.How can u call the Sessions ?

16.Can u call Report in Sap Script?

17. How to Upload Logo to Layout Set and what is Program Name?

18 What are the SET Parameter and GET Parameter?

19. What are the Text Elements?

20. How can u run the Session ?

21.If I am in 15th Secondary List how to navigate to 5th Secondary List?

22. What are Layout set Elements?

23 Distinguish between set screen and call screen?

24 What is ABAP Memory and SAP Memory?

25 Explain Check Table and Value Table?

26.What is the Difference between Collect and Sum?

27.What is Search Help?what are the types and difference.

[Former Member]

Hi

24 What is ABAP Memory and SAP Memory?

SAP Memory

SAP memory is a memory area to which all main sessions within a SAPgui have access. You can use SAP memory either to pass data from one program to another within a session, or to pass data from one session to another. Application programs that use SAP memory must do so using SPA/GPA parameters (also known as SET/GET parameters). These parameters can be set either for a particular user or for a particular program using the SET PARAMETER statement. Other ABAP programs can then retrieve the set parameters using the GET PARAMETER statement. The most frequent use of SPA/GPA parameters is to fill input fields on screens

ABAP/4 Memory

ABAP memory is a memory area that all ABAP programs within the same internal session can access using the EXPORT and IMPORT statements. Data within this area remains intact during a whole sequence of program calls. To pass data

to a program which you are calling, the data needs to be placed in ABAP memory before the call is made. The internal session of the called program then replaces that of the calling program. The program called can then read from the ABAP memory. If control is then returned to the program which made the initial call, the same process operates in reverse.

SAP memory

The SAP memory, otherwise known as the global memory, is available to a user during the entire duration of a terminal session. Its contents are retained across transaction boundaries as well as external and internal sessions. The SET PARAMETER and GET PARAMETER statements allow you to write to, or read from, the SAP memory.

ABAP/4 memory

The contents of the ABAP/4 memory are retained only during the lifetime of an external session (see also Organization of Modularization Units). You can retain or pass data across internal sessions. The EXPORT TO MEMORY and IMPORT FROM MEMORY statements allow you to write data to, or read data from, the ABAP memory

25 Explain Check Table and Value Table?

Value Table

This is maintained at Domain Level.

When ever you create a domain , you can entered allowed values. For example you go to Domain SHKZG - Debit/credit indicator. Here only allowed values is H or S.

When ever you use this Domain, the system will forces you to enter only these values.

This is a sort of master check . To be maintained as a customization object. This mean that if you want to enter values to this table you have to create a development request & transport the same.

Check table

For example you have Employee master table & Employee Transaction table.

When ever an employee Transacts we need to check whether that employee exists , so we can refer to the employee master table.

This is nothing but a Parent & Child relationship . Here data can be maintained at client level , no development involved.

As per DBMS what we call foregin key table, is called as check table in SAP.

There is 1 more important Difference in Value Table and Check Table is that:

1. The contents of the check will be used as an input help(F4 Help) for a particular field on which a check table is assigned.

But the contents of Value Table are never used in Input Help.

The Heirarchy which decides from where to used the Input Help is:

1. Input help defined explicitly in ABAP Program or Dialog Module.

2. Input Help Attached to the referenced Database Table field.

3. Using the contents of Check Table as an input help if neither (1) or (2) help are there.

4. Input help from Fixed value or Value range given in Domain.

[Former Member]

1) How to Upload Logo to Layout Set and what is Program Name?

a) use the standered program RSTXLDMC

(only tiff files can be uploaded as text )

provide file name,

type, textname will be

ZHEX-MACRO-PROVIDE U R PREFFERED NAME,

text id : st,

language : en.

execute.

for grafics go to se78.

2)What are Layout set Elements?

a) layout set elements

are basic settings , windows , pages, pagewindows, character formats, paragraph formats.

3)

How can u run the Session ?

a) when ever we execute a bdc program which is following session method only session will be created.

until and unless we run the session in SM35 session data won't be updated. go to sm35 tcode now select u r session and click on process button .

4) Distinguish between set screen and call screen?

set screen : set screen sets the next screen as specified and branches to that screen after processing the current screen only. here control won't come to the original screen.

call screen : in this case control goes to the specified screen and processes that screen , again it comes the original screen where this call is generated.

5) What are Difference Between Classical Batch Input and Call transaction ?

a)[1] session method is two phase modle.

when ever we execute the program a seesion will be created.we have to process that session in sm35 transaction.

[2] always synchronous update.

[3] asynchronous processing.

[4]error log will available.

[5] multiple transactions can be processed in single session.

call transaction: [1] one phase modle . while execute itself database will be updated.

[2] can be asynchorous or synchronous updated .

[3] always synchronous processing.

[4]we have to prepare the error log explecitily.

[5] only single transaction can be handled.

[6] dependent transactions can be handled.eg me22 , me28 .

6)What are the Cluster Tables?

cluster talbes used to hold internal control data.many to one relationship,ie for many cluster tables in data dictionary a single table cluster will created.all the cluster talbes must have comman primary key.

7) What are the SET Parameter and GET Parameter?

a) set parameter is used to plase the data in sap memory where as get parameter is userd to call the data in sap memory . .

[Former Member]

1) How to Upload Logo to Layout Set and what is Program Name?

a) use the standered program RSTXLDMC

(only tiff files can be uploaded as text )

provide file name,

type, textname will be

ZHEX-MACRO-PROVIDE U R PREFFERED NAME,

text id : st,

language : en.

execute.

for grafics go to se78.

2)What are Layout set Elements?

a) layout set elements

are basic settings , windows , pages, pagewindows, character formats, paragraph formats.

3)

How can u run the Session ?

a) when ever we execute a bdc program which is following session method only session will be created.

until and unless we run the session in SM35 session data won't be updated. go to sm35 tcode now select u r session and click on process button .

4) Distinguish between set screen and call screen?

set screen : set screen sets the next screen as specified and branches to that screen after processing the current screen only. here control won't come to the original screen.

call screen : in this case control goes to the specified screen and processes that screen , again it comes the original screen where this call is generated.

5) What are Difference Between Classical Batch Input and Call transaction ?

a)[1] session method is two phase modle.

when ever we execute the program a seesion will be created.we have to process that session in sm35 transaction.

[2] always synchronous update.

[3] asynchronous processing.

[4]error log will available.

[5] multiple transactions can be processed in single session.

call transaction: [1] one phase modle . while execute itself database will be updated.

[2] can be asynchorous or synchronous updated .

[3] always synchronous processing.

[4]we have to prepare the error log explecitily.

[5] only single transaction can be handled.

[6] dependent transactions can be handled.eg me22 , me28 .

6)What are the Cluster Tables?

cluster talbes used to hold internal control data.many to one relationship,ie for many cluster tables in data dictionary a single table cluster will created.all the cluster talbes must have comman primary key.

7) What are the SET Parameter and GET Parameter?

a) set parameter is used to plase the data in sap memory where as get parameter is userd to call the data in sap memory . .

[Former Member]

Hi,

<b>1.How can validate input values in selection screen and which event was fired?</b>

Ans : Validation of selection-screen entries can be done in any event of the program. Validations are usually performed in AT SELECTION-SCREEN event. But the values can also be validated in START-OF-SELECTION. Validations can be done in the following selection-screen events

AT SELECTION-SCREEN

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON FIELD <F1>

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON BLOCK <block>

Click the below link for more information

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/56/1eb6c705ad11d2952f0000e8353423/content.htm

<b>2.Which is the First character of creating Lock Object?</b>

The name of a lock object should begin with an E (Enqueue).

Click the link below to know how to create Lock Object

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/cf/21eef3446011d189700000e8322d00/content.htm

<b>3.What is the Difference between Data Element and Domain?</b>

A data element describes either an elementary type or a reference type.

An elementary type is defined by the built-in data type, length and possibly the number of decimal places. These type attributes can either be defined directly in the data element or copied from a domain.

A reference type defines the types of reference variables in ABAP programs.

You can use a data element to define the type of a table field, structure component or the row type of a table type. A data element can also be referenced in ABAP programs with TYPE. As a result, variables that take on the attributes of a data element can be defined in an ABAP program.

Click the link below on Dataelement

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/90/8d72feb1af11d194f600a0c929b3c3/frameset.htm

Domains

A domain defines a value range. A domain is assigned to a data element. All table fields or structure components that use this data element then have the value range defined by the domain. The relationship between the field or component and the domain is thus defined by the data element of the field or component.

Fields or components that refer to the same domain (with the assigned data elements) are also changed when the domain is changed. This ensures that the value ranges of these fields or components are consistent. Fields or components that are technically the same can thus be combined with a reference to the same domain.

Click the link below on DOMAINS

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/cf/21ede5446011d189700000e8322d00/content.htm

<b>4. How many types of standard SAP Internal Tables?</b>

Basically Standard, Sorted and Hashed Internal tables.

Click the link below for Internal Table Types

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/fc/eb366d358411d1829f0000e829fbfe/content.htm

<b>5.What is the Difference Between Table controls and Step Loops ?</b>

ABAP offers two mechanisms for displaying and using table data in a screen. These mechanisms are table controls and step loops. Table controls and step loops are types of screen tables you can add to a screen in the Screen Painter.

To know more on Table Controls

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/9f/dbac1d35c111d1829f0000e829fbfe/content.htm

Table controls are processed using the step loop technique.

<b>Step loops</b> are the predecessors of table controls. They should no longer be used. Existing step loops can be changed to table controls in the Screen Painter. For the sake of completeness and to explain the technique of data transfer between tables on the screen and the ABAP program, step loops - and specifically the step loop technique - are explained here.

Like table controls, step loops are screen elements for displaying table-type data on a screen. From a programming standpoint, especially concerning the data transfer, table controls and step loops are almost identical. Table controls are ultimately an improvement of step loops, in terms of usability by the end user.

For Step Loops

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/9f/dbacac35c111d1829f0000e829fbfe/content.htm

<b>6.What are the Events in Dialog Programs ?</b>

Event in Dialog program

<i><b>PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT (PBO)</b></i> is automatically triggered after the PAI processing of the previous screen and before the current screen is displayed. You can program the PBO processing of the screen in this block. At the end of the PBO processing, the screen is displayed.

<i><b>PROCESS AFTER INPUT</b></i> (PAI) is triggered when the user chooses a function on the screen. You can program the PAI processing of the screen in this block. At the end of the PAI processing, the system either calls the next screen or carries on processing at the point from which the screen was called.

<i><b>PROCESS ON HELP-REQUEST (POH)</b></i> and <i><b>PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST</b></i> (POV) are triggered when the user requests field help (F1) or possible values help (F4) respectively. You can program the appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks. At the end of processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.

<b>7.How many ways you can create Table?</b>

If an internal table - Standard, Sorted, Hashed.

If a database table Transparent Table, Cluster table and Pooled table.

<b>8.What are the Cluster Tables?</b>

Several logical data records from different cluster tables can be stored together in one physical record in a table cluster.

A cluster key consists of a series of freely definable key fields and a field (Pageno) for distinguishing continuation records. A cluster also contains a long field (Vardata) that contains the contents of the data fields of the cluster tables for this key. If the data does not fit into the long field, continuation records are created. Control information on the structure of the data string is still written at the beginning of the Vardata field.

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/cf/21f083446011d189700000e8322d00/content.htm

<i><b>9.How can you create push buttons in the Menu Painter?</b></i>

Click the followwing link

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/d1/801d36454211d189710000e8322d00/content.htm

<b>10.How many Layout sets u can create at a time?</b>

can have more than 1.

<b>11.What are the Paragraph and character format?</b>

Paragraph

In SAPscript, paragraphs are formatted using formats and their corresponding attributes. Text processing is simplified by the use of different paragraph attribute groups:

<b>Standard

Font

Tabs

Outline</b>There are naming conventions for paragraph tags:

The paragraph tag can have one or two characters.

The first character in the paragraph tag must be a letter, the second a letter, number, or blank; special characters are not valid.

The paragraph format must be identified in the Description field

Click the link below

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/d1/802e02454211d189710000e8322d00/content.htm

Characters

Character formats, as opposed to paragraph attributes, allow you to format entire blocks of text within a paragraph.

Character attribute groups can be:

<b>Standard

Font</b>

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/d1/802e43454211d189710000e8322d00/content.htm

<b>12.What are function modules in LDB?</b>

<b>13.How can u create your own Function Module ?</b>

Click the below link

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/d1/801ee8454211d189710000e8322d00/content.htm

14.What are Difference Between Classical Batch Input and Call transaction ?

<b>15.How can u call the Sessions ?</b>

<b>16.Can u call Report in Sap Script?</b>

Click the link below

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/d1/803279454211d189710000e8322d00/content.htm

<b>17. How to Upload Logo to Layout Set and what is Program Name?</b>

Use SE78

<b>18 What are the SET Parameter and GET Parameter?</b>

To fill the input fields of a called transaction with data from the calling program, you can use the SPA/GPA technique. SPA/GPA parameters are values that the system stores in the global, user-specific SAP memory. SAP memory allows you to pass values between programs. A user can access the values stored in the SAP memory during one terminal session for all parallel sessions. Each SPA/GPA parameter is identified by a 20-character code. You can maintain them in the Repository Browser in the ABAP Workbench. The values in SPA/GPA parameters are user-specific.

ABAP programs can access the parameters using the SET PARAMETER and GET PARAMETER statements

<b>19. What are the Text Elements?</b>

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/d1/802e91454211d189710000e8322d00/content.htm

<b>20. How can u run the Session ?</b>

<b>21.If I am in 15th Secondary List how to navigate to 5th Secondary List?</b>

<b>22. What are Layout set Elements?</b>

Paragraph format, Character, Windows, Page Windows, Pages, text elements etc

<b>23 Distinguish between set screen and call screen?</b>

<b>24 What is ABAP Memory and SAP Memory?</b>

SAP Memory

SAP memory is a memory area to which all main sessions within a SAPgui have access. You can use SAP memory either to pass data from one program to another within a session, or to pass data from one session to another. Application programs that use SAP memory must do so using SPA/GPA parameters (also known as SET/GET parameters). These parameters can be set either for a particular user or for a particular program using the SET PARAMETER statement. Other ABAP programs can then retrieve the set parameters using the GET PARAMETER statement. The most frequent use of SPA/GPA parameters is to fill input fields on screens (see below).

ABAP Memory

ABAP memory is a memory area that all ABAP programs within the same internal session can access using the EXPORT and IMPORT statements. Data within this area remains intact during a whole sequence of program calls. To pass data to a program which you are calling, the data needs to be placed in ABAP memory before the call is made. The internal session of the called program then replaces that of the calling program. The program called can then read from the ABAP memory. If control is then returned to the program which made the initial call, the same process operates in reverse

<b>25 Explain Check Table and Value Table?</b>

In some cases you can see when you define a domain that all the table fields or structure components referring to this domain should be checked against a certain table. This information can be stored in the domain by entering a value table.

The system proposes the value table as check table when you try to define a foreign key for the field or component. This proposal can be overridden.

A check is not implemented by simply entering a value table! The check against the value table only takes effect when a foreign key has been defined

26.What is the Difference between Collect and Sum?

<b>27.What is Search Help?what are the types and difference.</b>

The input help (F4 help) is a standard function of the R/3 System. The user can display the list of all possible input values for a screen field with the input help. The possible input values can be enhanced with further information. This is meaningful especially when the field requires the input of a formal key.

Click the link below

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/cf/21ee2b446011d189700000e8322d00/content.htm

Regards,

Vara

[sreemsft]

1.How can validate input values in selection screen and which event was fired?

Ans: <i>AT SELECTION-SCREEN can be used to validate the input field. </i>

3.What is the Difference between Data Element and Domain?

Ans:

<i>• Data element: is definition of the properties and type for a table field. It is an intermediate object between the object type domain and the table field. A field in R/3 system is always associated with a data element, which at the same time is related to domain.

• Domain: is formal definition of the data type from a technical point of view. It sets the attributes such as data type, length, possible value range and so on.</i>

5.What is the Difference Between Table controls and Step Loops ?

<i>Ans. Step loops are used in older versions to display a table but now we can use Table Control directly. Which will decrease coding and also takes care of all functionality in the steploops.</i>

6.What are the Events in Dialog Programs ?

<i>Ans: Using SY-UCOMM you can capture the user command and process the logic.</i>

7.How many ways you can create Table?

<i>Ans: You can create in 2 ways.

1) directly start creating a table and in that enter fields that you want to create

2) create a structure for that table and directly give that structure in the table.</i>

8.What are the Cluster Tables?

Ans: Refer the <a href="http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/81/415d363640933fe10000009b38f839/frameset.htm">LINK</a>

13.How can u create your own Function Module ?

<i>Ans: You can go to SE37 and create Z Function modules there.</i>

14.What are Difference Between Classical Batch Input and Call transaction ?

<i>Ans: Batch Input will populate session and you can run the session when ever you want. A call transaction will run directly.

Generally we will use the combination of both in realtime, We will use call transaction first and if it fails we populate error records in the session.</i>

16.Can u call Report in Sap Script?

<i>Ans: You can call a SAP Script using a driver program, which you will create in se38. You can call the other way.. sap script from a report.</i>

17. How to Upload Logo to Layout Set and what is Program Name?

<i>Ans: Using transaction SE78 you can upload images.</i>

19. What are the Text Elements?

<i>Ans: Text elements are used to output some data in a report. We use text elements for multilaingual purpose</i>

21.If I am in 15th Secondary List how to navigate to 5th Secondary List?

<i>Ans: Set SY-LSIND = 5.

</i>

26.What is the Difference between Collect and Sum?

<i>Ans: Collect statment will sum all numeric fields in an internal table if the non numeric fields are same.

Sum will sum generally like in other programming languages.</i>

27.What is Search Help?what are the types and difference.

<i>Ans: For example Search help is to provide help to enter a value in an input field. We will provide all possibile values for that input field.</i>

Thanks,

Sreekanth

<i>*-- Please reward if it helps you</i>