Hi Pratap ,
Here I am giving some information about HR.
What is HR?
The task of Human Resource Management is to produce the organizational hierarchies, relationship between employees and to allow storage and administration of employee data.
The HR module is divided mainly into the following components.
1. Personnel Administration and Payroll Accounting
2. Personnel Planning and Development
Personnel Administration relieves you from the daily administrative routine activities which are costly and time consuming, while simultaneously supporting you in demanding planning activities.
Eg Organization management comes under administration
Payroll accounting deals with the employee salaries in the Organization.
E.g.: Calculating the Gross salary, Net salary
Personnel Planning and Development:
It was designed to support the decision making process in any organization.
It deals with giving inputs and taking outputs from the employees and setting up goals to individual employees and impart training to the employees.
It also deals with recruitment of employees for the organization.
Eg. Recruitment, Training and event management comes under planning.
There are other functions like time and travel management in HR
The organizational hierarchy deals with the following areas:
Company Structure
Personnel Structure
Pay scale Structure
Wage type Structure
Hr authorizations
The company structure or corporate group is divided into :
Company code
Personnel area
Personnel Sub-area
Company code:
Represents the highest level of Company structure.
Personnel Area:
It can represent large divisions within a company and Geographic locations.
Personnel Sub-area:
Personnel sub areas are a subdivision of the personnel area. At this level, the organizational aspects are controlled here.
Country groupings, Public Holiday calendar and wage type structures come under organizational aspects.
The components in Personnel structure are
Administrative:
Employee Group
Employee Subgroup and
Payroll area.
Organizational:
Job
Position and
Organizational unit.
Employee Group: General classification of employees.
Active
Retired
Contractors and
External Employees.
Employee Sub group: Division of employee groups.
Hourly based
Salaried
Executives and
Trainees
Payroll Area:
The active employees are also divided into payroll areas that determine when they receive their paychecks like weekly or semi-monthly.
Job: Description of activity performed by the Employee.
Coding, Management.
Position: Employee Placement or individual employee assignment within the company.
Software Engineer or Manager.
Organization Unit: Performs a specific set of functions within company.
Department or Subsidiary etc.
Why HR is different from other modules?
The following concepts are defined in HR which differs this module with other modules.
1. Use of Infotypes
2. The use of Logical Database
3. Use of Macros
4. Storage and Access of data
5 Authorization checks
Data handling in HR (Using of Info types):
Master data in HR is stored in infotypes.
Each infotype pertains to a specific type of data.
Each infotype has a database table associated with it.
Example: For Infotype 0000, the corresponding database table associated with it is PA0000.
What is Infotype
The information units used to enter the data of an employee are called infotypes.
The infotypes are used to group related data fields together.
E.g. IT0006. (Address)
Why Infotype
As HR is related to time, we require old data as well as new data. The data we enter into the infotypes are automatically checked for accuracy and against the table entries.
In simple, HR data is huge and to access data easily we require infotype.
Master data Infotypes:
When a new Personnel number is created, the following Infotypes are to be maintained first.
Events (0000)
Organizational Assignment (0001)
Personal Data (0002)
Payroll Status (0003)
What is logical database?
The LDB is special type of ABAP program that combines the contents of certain related database tables and retrieve some related data and make it available to application programs.
In other words, a LDB is a method by which ABAP programs read and process the data. The sequence in which the data is supplied to the program is determined by a tree structure.
The LDB usually consists of the following components.
Structure
Selections
Database programs
Logical databases have a tree structure.
A logical database can contain a maximum of 300 tables
SAPDBPNP is the name of the database program for the logical database PNP.
How are logical database used
1 Logical database when generating an ABAP program
The selection screen generated contains the selections (SELECT-OPTIONS AND PARAMETERS) of both the logical database and the program.
The only database-specific selections displayed on the selection screen are those needed by the program for data retrieval purposes.
Functions of LDB:
Data retrieval:
The personnel data of each employee is loaded into the main memory where it can be accessed for processing.
Screening:
Employees can be selected according to the organizational criteria entered on the selection screen.
E.g. Hourly wage earners in a particular personnel sub area.
Regards,
G K
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